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Kamis, 19 Juni 2008
Koleksi jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan
Jurnal Final
Abstrak
Mata kuliah “Kelas Seminar” memberikan sensasi yang berbeda bagi penulis selama mengikuti perkuliahan di Fakultas Ilmu Komputer Universitas Indonesia. Dalam kuliah ini, pesertanya diperkenalkan dengan jurnal sistem informasi yang diterbitkan oleh penerbit jurnal papan atas seperti MISQ, CAIS, JAIS, dan sejumlah penerbit ternama lainnya. Peserta kuliah dibiasakan untuk membaca jurnal, yang kemudian dituangkan dalam suatu ringkasan. Hasil ringkasan tersebut kemudian dipresentasikan pada pertemuan kuliah. Pada makalah ini akan dibahas beberapa hal seperti pengalaman penulis selama mengikuti kuliah seminar serta strategi yang diterapkan penulis dalam menghadapi kuliah seminar.
Kata Kunci: sistem informasi, jurnal, kelompok kerja, kelas seminar.
Mata kuliah “Kelas Seminar” memberikan sensasi yang berbeda bagi penulis selama mengikuti perkuliahan di Fakultas Ilmu Komputer Universitas Indonesia. Dalam kuliah ini, pesertanya diperkenalkan dengan jurnal sistem informasi yang diterbitkan oleh penerbit jurnal papan atas seperti MISQ, CAIS, JAIS, dan sejumlah penerbit ternama lainnya. Peserta kuliah dibiasakan untuk membaca jurnal, yang kemudian dituangkan dalam suatu ringkasan. Hasil ringkasan tersebut kemudian dipresentasikan pada pertemuan kuliah. Pada makalah ini akan dibahas beberapa hal seperti pengalaman penulis selama mengikuti kuliah seminar serta strategi yang diterapkan penulis dalam menghadapi kuliah seminar.
Kata Kunci: sistem informasi, jurnal, kelompok kerja, kelas seminar.
Minggu, 08 Juni 2008
ANALISIS PENGARUH MEKANISME CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DAN INDIKASI MANAJEMEN LABA TERHADAP PENGUNGKAPAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN
Abstrak
Melihat bahwa pengungkapan informasi laporan keuangan merupakan faktor yang cukup signifikan penting dalam pencapaian efisiensi pasar modal dan merupakan sarana akuntabilitas publik maka penelitian ini dibuat untuk melihat efek mekanisme Corporate Governance dan Indikasi Manajemen Laba terhadap tingkat pengungkapan laporan keuangan. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 41 perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Jakarta hingga tahun 2004 dan diuji dengan menggunakan regresi berganda dan mempertimbangkan hasi uji terhadap asumsi klasik. Hasil penelitian memberikan bukti bahwa mekanisme corporate governance dapat mengarahkan pada semakin terbukanya perusahaan dalam mengungkapkan informasi dalam laporan keuangan dimana hal ini dibuktikan dengan terbuktinya pengaruh dari besarnya kepemilikan publik dan banyaknya dewan direksi terhadap besarnya pengungkapan laporan keuangan.
Kata Kunci: Mekanisme Corporate Governance, Manajemen Laba, Manufaktur, Laporan keuangan.
Melihat bahwa pengungkapan informasi laporan keuangan merupakan faktor yang cukup signifikan penting dalam pencapaian efisiensi pasar modal dan merupakan sarana akuntabilitas publik maka penelitian ini dibuat untuk melihat efek mekanisme Corporate Governance dan Indikasi Manajemen Laba terhadap tingkat pengungkapan laporan keuangan. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 41 perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Jakarta hingga tahun 2004 dan diuji dengan menggunakan regresi berganda dan mempertimbangkan hasi uji terhadap asumsi klasik. Hasil penelitian memberikan bukti bahwa mekanisme corporate governance dapat mengarahkan pada semakin terbukanya perusahaan dalam mengungkapkan informasi dalam laporan keuangan dimana hal ini dibuktikan dengan terbuktinya pengaruh dari besarnya kepemilikan publik dan banyaknya dewan direksi terhadap besarnya pengungkapan laporan keuangan.
Kata Kunci: Mekanisme Corporate Governance, Manajemen Laba, Manufaktur, Laporan keuangan.
PENGARUH ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE DAN ENVIRONMENTAL DISCLOSURE TERHADAP ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
Abstract
This research aims at providing empirical evidance on factors that affect Economic Performance. This study examines the impact of Environmental Performance, Environmental Disclosure and predertmined variable such as Unexpected Earnings, Pre-disclosure Environment, Growth Opportunities, Profit Margin, Environmental Concern, dan Public Visibility toward economic performance in the context of Jakarta Stock Exchange. The samples of this research consist of 10 firms from 2002 to 2005. Multiple Regrresion is used to test the hypothesis. The result of this research that Environmental Performance, Environmental Disclosure and predertmined variable such as Unexpected Earnings, Pre-disclosure Environment, Growth Opportunities, Profit Margin, Environmental Concern, dan Public Visibility are not significant variables determining economic performance. The other finding of this research that Environmental Disclosure is significant variable determining economic performance.
Keywords: environmental performance, environmental disclosure, economic performance, predetermined variable.
This research aims at providing empirical evidance on factors that affect Economic Performance. This study examines the impact of Environmental Performance, Environmental Disclosure and predertmined variable such as Unexpected Earnings, Pre-disclosure Environment, Growth Opportunities, Profit Margin, Environmental Concern, dan Public Visibility toward economic performance in the context of Jakarta Stock Exchange. The samples of this research consist of 10 firms from 2002 to 2005. Multiple Regrresion is used to test the hypothesis. The result of this research that Environmental Performance, Environmental Disclosure and predertmined variable such as Unexpected Earnings, Pre-disclosure Environment, Growth Opportunities, Profit Margin, Environmental Concern, dan Public Visibility are not significant variables determining economic performance. The other finding of this research that Environmental Disclosure is significant variable determining economic performance.
Keywords: environmental performance, environmental disclosure, economic performance, predetermined variable.
KAJIAN EMPIRIS HUBUNGAN KINERJA LINGKUNGAN, KINERJA KEUANGAN DAN KINERJA PASAR: MODEL PERSAMAAN STRUKTURAL
ABSTRACT
This study investigates the causal relationship between environmental performance, financial performance and market performance. The population of this study was public listed company who has potential environmental cost (risk), namely Mining & Gas, Basic Industry & Chemical, Textile and Automotive. We use all the population except for unavailable data, there were 90 companies. Data analysis was carried out in terms of cross-section covering stock transaction 2006 and annual report 2005. The research hypotheses were tested using the Structural Equation Model. There are 3 latent variables:(1) Environmental performance:indicators are ISO 14001; PROPER rating; annual report dislcosures; and Web disclosures;(2) financial performance:indicators are return on investment; return on equity; and earning per share; (3) market performance: indicators are market value added, stock return and price earning ratio. The result of this research show that: (1) environmental performance has significant influence on financial performance and market performance,(2) financial performance has significant influence on market performance, and (3) total effect of environmental performance on market performance are 75,28%.
Keywords: environmental performance, financial performance, market performance
This study investigates the causal relationship between environmental performance, financial performance and market performance. The population of this study was public listed company who has potential environmental cost (risk), namely Mining & Gas, Basic Industry & Chemical, Textile and Automotive. We use all the population except for unavailable data, there were 90 companies. Data analysis was carried out in terms of cross-section covering stock transaction 2006 and annual report 2005. The research hypotheses were tested using the Structural Equation Model. There are 3 latent variables:(1) Environmental performance:indicators are ISO 14001; PROPER rating; annual report dislcosures; and Web disclosures;(2) financial performance:indicators are return on investment; return on equity; and earning per share; (3) market performance: indicators are market value added, stock return and price earning ratio. The result of this research show that: (1) environmental performance has significant influence on financial performance and market performance,(2) financial performance has significant influence on market performance, and (3) total effect of environmental performance on market performance are 75,28%.
Keywords: environmental performance, financial performance, market performance
PENGARUH CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN MANAJEMEN LABA SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING (STUDI PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR DI BEJ)
Abstract
The objective of this research are to identify the direct and indirect influences of corporate governance structure such as, audit committee, board of independent commissioner, board of director, institutional ownership and manajerial ownership to the firm’s value and earnings management. This research examine 37 manufacturing companies listed in Jakarta Stock Exchange and issues audited financial statement since 2002-2004. The statistical methods used to test the hypothesis is Structural Equation Model (SEM). The empirical result of this research indicates that board of director, manajerial ownership, institutional ownership and board of commissioner have a positive significant influences to earnings management, whereas audit committee have no influence to earnings management. The following test indicates that board of commissioner and audit committee have significant influence to the firm’s value, whereas board of director, manajerial ownership and institutional ownership have no significant influence to the firm’s value. The control variable, firm’s size, have negative significant influence to earnings management whereas leverage have no significant influence. The last test indicates that earnings management have no influence to the firm’s value, so it can be concluded that earnings management is not an intervening variable.
Keywords: corporate governance, earnings management, firm’s value, board of director, manajerial ownership, institutional ownership, board of commissioner , audit committee, firm’s size, leverage
The objective of this research are to identify the direct and indirect influences of corporate governance structure such as, audit committee, board of independent commissioner, board of director, institutional ownership and manajerial ownership to the firm’s value and earnings management. This research examine 37 manufacturing companies listed in Jakarta Stock Exchange and issues audited financial statement since 2002-2004. The statistical methods used to test the hypothesis is Structural Equation Model (SEM). The empirical result of this research indicates that board of director, manajerial ownership, institutional ownership and board of commissioner have a positive significant influences to earnings management, whereas audit committee have no influence to earnings management. The following test indicates that board of commissioner and audit committee have significant influence to the firm’s value, whereas board of director, manajerial ownership and institutional ownership have no significant influence to the firm’s value. The control variable, firm’s size, have negative significant influence to earnings management whereas leverage have no significant influence. The last test indicates that earnings management have no influence to the firm’s value, so it can be concluded that earnings management is not an intervening variable.
Keywords: corporate governance, earnings management, firm’s value, board of director, manajerial ownership, institutional ownership, board of commissioner , audit committee, firm’s size, leverage
BOARD GOVERNANCE DAN KINERJA PERUSAHAAN (STUDI TERHADAP PERBANKAN GO PUBLIC DI BEJ)
Abstract
Corporate Governance mechanism perceived to have strong impact to the firm’s performance. This research aims to identify the effect of board governance on firm’s performance. The analysis units are 16 banks registered on the Jakarta Stock Exchange for the time period 2001-2005. Board governance as dependent variable and bank’s performance as independent variable. Board governance is proxied by board size, female representation and concentrated ownership. Bank’s performance is proxied by ROA and BOPO. The result of this study are : (1) board size is positively related to the bank’s performance (2) female representation on the supervisory board is negatively related to the bank’s performance, different with ; (3) female representation on the management board is positively related to the bank’s performance, and (4) ownership concentrated is positively related to the bank’s performance is proxied by ROA, but negatively related to the bank’s performance is proxied by BOPO.
Keywords : corporate governance in banking sector, board governance, bank’s performance
Corporate Governance mechanism perceived to have strong impact to the firm’s performance. This research aims to identify the effect of board governance on firm’s performance. The analysis units are 16 banks registered on the Jakarta Stock Exchange for the time period 2001-2005. Board governance as dependent variable and bank’s performance as independent variable. Board governance is proxied by board size, female representation and concentrated ownership. Bank’s performance is proxied by ROA and BOPO. The result of this study are : (1) board size is positively related to the bank’s performance (2) female representation on the supervisory board is negatively related to the bank’s performance, different with ; (3) female representation on the management board is positively related to the bank’s performance, and (4) ownership concentrated is positively related to the bank’s performance is proxied by ROA, but negatively related to the bank’s performance is proxied by BOPO.
Keywords : corporate governance in banking sector, board governance, bank’s performance
KOMITE AUDIT, KOMISARIS INDEPENDEN DAN MANAJEMEN LABA: STUDI KASUS PERUSAHAAN DI BURSA EFEK JAKARTA
Abstraksi
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara komite audit dan komisaris independen, dengan praktek manajemen laba (earnings management) dalam laporan keuangan yang dipublikasikan. Hipotesis penelitian adalah bahwa komite audit dan komisaris independen memiliki korelasi negatif dengan manajemen laba. Untuk komite audit dan komisaris independen, penelitian ini menggunakan data yang berasal dari pengumuman BEJ tentang pembentukan komite audit dan pengangkatan komisaris independen. Sementara manajemen laba dicerminkan oleh discretionary accruals yang dihitung dari model Jones yang dimodifikasi. Dengan persamaan regres dua tahap, penelitian ini menemukan bukti bahwa komite audit memiliki hubungan yang negatif siknifikan dengan tingkat akrual diskresi yang negatif. Ini berarti bahwa keberadaan komite audit berasosiasi dengan income decreasing earnings management. Komite audit juga terbukti memiliki hubungan yang positif dengan akrual diskresi yang positif, yang berarti bahwa komite audit yang sesuai dengan ketentuan BEJ justru ditemukan pada perusahaan yang melakukan manajemen laba secara income increasing. Komisaris independen dalam penelitian ini tidak terbukti memiliki hubungan siknifikan dengan praktek manajemen laba. Ada atau tidaknya komisaris independen yang sesuai dengan ketentuan BEJ tidak dapat diasosiasikan dengan praktek manajemen laba yang dilakukan perusahaan. Hasil tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa peranan komite audit dan komisaris independen dalam perusahaan, dan peraturan BEJ yang berkaitan dengan aspek corporate governance, belumlah efektif. Di samping itu, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa variabel tingkat leverage dan pemilihan auditor eksternal ternyata tidak cukup bisa menjelaskan praktek manajemen laba. Hanya variabel ukuran perusahaan (size) yang ditemukan memiliki hubungan negatif dengan income increasing discretionary accruals.
Kata kunci: komite audit, komisaris independen, corporate governance, manajemen laba, discretionary accruals
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara komite audit dan komisaris independen, dengan praktek manajemen laba (earnings management) dalam laporan keuangan yang dipublikasikan. Hipotesis penelitian adalah bahwa komite audit dan komisaris independen memiliki korelasi negatif dengan manajemen laba. Untuk komite audit dan komisaris independen, penelitian ini menggunakan data yang berasal dari pengumuman BEJ tentang pembentukan komite audit dan pengangkatan komisaris independen. Sementara manajemen laba dicerminkan oleh discretionary accruals yang dihitung dari model Jones yang dimodifikasi. Dengan persamaan regres dua tahap, penelitian ini menemukan bukti bahwa komite audit memiliki hubungan yang negatif siknifikan dengan tingkat akrual diskresi yang negatif. Ini berarti bahwa keberadaan komite audit berasosiasi dengan income decreasing earnings management. Komite audit juga terbukti memiliki hubungan yang positif dengan akrual diskresi yang positif, yang berarti bahwa komite audit yang sesuai dengan ketentuan BEJ justru ditemukan pada perusahaan yang melakukan manajemen laba secara income increasing. Komisaris independen dalam penelitian ini tidak terbukti memiliki hubungan siknifikan dengan praktek manajemen laba. Ada atau tidaknya komisaris independen yang sesuai dengan ketentuan BEJ tidak dapat diasosiasikan dengan praktek manajemen laba yang dilakukan perusahaan. Hasil tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa peranan komite audit dan komisaris independen dalam perusahaan, dan peraturan BEJ yang berkaitan dengan aspek corporate governance, belumlah efektif. Di samping itu, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa variabel tingkat leverage dan pemilihan auditor eksternal ternyata tidak cukup bisa menjelaskan praktek manajemen laba. Hanya variabel ukuran perusahaan (size) yang ditemukan memiliki hubungan negatif dengan income increasing discretionary accruals.
Kata kunci: komite audit, komisaris independen, corporate governance, manajemen laba, discretionary accruals
PENGARUH PRESTISE MANAJEMEN PUNCAK DAN DEWAN KOMISARIS TERHADAP PENILAIAN INVESTOR PADA PERUSAHAAN IPO (Bursa Efek Jakarta 1999-2006)
Abstract
This research examines empirically the role of top management team and board of director characteristics. Top management team has an important role as a primary strategic decision maker in firm. Their actions and characteristics specifically influence the organization’s outcomes. The main duty of board of director is to make sure that managerial decisions are consistent with stockholders goals. One indicator of top management team competence and skill is prestige (D’Aveni, 1990). The uncertainty and information asymmetry surrounding IPO firms, often makes difficulty for potential investors to discern organizational legitimacy and potential firm quality (Lester, et. al., 2006). Research purpose is to investigate the capability of prestigious top management team and board of director at the IPO through a largely symbolic role to enhance organizational legitimacy and give a signaling to potential investor about potential firm in the future. The sample included 59 firms undertaking IPO in JSX during 1999-2006 besides financial firms and web-based firm. Three characteristics: education prestige, previous experience and corporate board experience as indicators of prestigious, this research find that education prestige was positively associated with investor valuations. Otherwise, previous experience and corporate board experience were not associated.
This research examines empirically the role of top management team and board of director characteristics. Top management team has an important role as a primary strategic decision maker in firm. Their actions and characteristics specifically influence the organization’s outcomes. The main duty of board of director is to make sure that managerial decisions are consistent with stockholders goals. One indicator of top management team competence and skill is prestige (D’Aveni, 1990). The uncertainty and information asymmetry surrounding IPO firms, often makes difficulty for potential investors to discern organizational legitimacy and potential firm quality (Lester, et. al., 2006). Research purpose is to investigate the capability of prestigious top management team and board of director at the IPO through a largely symbolic role to enhance organizational legitimacy and give a signaling to potential investor about potential firm in the future. The sample included 59 firms undertaking IPO in JSX during 1999-2006 besides financial firms and web-based firm. Three characteristics: education prestige, previous experience and corporate board experience as indicators of prestigious, this research find that education prestige was positively associated with investor valuations. Otherwise, previous experience and corporate board experience were not associated.
Keywords: top management team, board of director, signaling, information asymmetry, prestige, education prestige, previous experience, corporate board experience, investor valuation.
INTERNAL GOVERNANCE MECHANISMS AND PERFORMANCE OF INDONESIAN NON-FINANCIAL COMPANIES LISTED IN JAKARTA STOCK EXCHANGE
Abstract
This study analyses the impact between two internal governance mechanisms, consist of board composition and concentrated ownership and corporate performance of Indonesian non-financial listed companies based on market return and accounting return. Results show accounting return performance measurement indicates significant influence with board composition but this result is inconsistent with prediction based on market return performance measurement. This seems to suggest that independent commissioner is an effective mechanism in monitoring performance as suggested by agency theory although the market perceives otherwise. Concentrated ownership is found to be significant in both performance measurements, implying that concentrated ownership is an effective governance mechanism in mitigating agency problems. The results have important policy implications.
Keywords: independent commissioner, concentrated ownership, corporate performance
This study analyses the impact between two internal governance mechanisms, consist of board composition and concentrated ownership and corporate performance of Indonesian non-financial listed companies based on market return and accounting return. Results show accounting return performance measurement indicates significant influence with board composition but this result is inconsistent with prediction based on market return performance measurement. This seems to suggest that independent commissioner is an effective mechanism in monitoring performance as suggested by agency theory although the market perceives otherwise. Concentrated ownership is found to be significant in both performance measurements, implying that concentrated ownership is an effective governance mechanism in mitigating agency problems. The results have important policy implications.
Keywords: independent commissioner, concentrated ownership, corporate performance
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